“The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father "- Bible :. Ezekiel 6:20 p.m.
When I was 17 to mid-sixties London, I was in school studying for my GCE a levels before going to college. I knew my father, a civil servant, elected labor and his father have voted Conservative, the familiar left-right political divide, but I would not that voting for four years.
has that age in 1965 Bedjo Unjtung did not, and would not be the occasion until 1982. His father was a popular school teacher and member of the Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (Indonesian Teachers Union Republic), which was marked by the Suharto military as a leftist organization because it had supported the policies of Sukarno.
as with Pramoedya Ananta Toer, in early October 1965 his father was arrested, moved to the island of Nusakambangan, then exiled to Buru island without trial until his release in 1979. He was imprisoned, and that some 15,000 others.
Bedjo knew that the army was looking for supporters of Sukarno, the first president, who, with their families, they classified as left wing.
However, he said, "Politically and ideologically I knew nothing. My duty was just study. "
Yet he was aware too widespread abductions, disappearances and mass executions, with farmers and labor activists and their families who are detained and the massive destruction of villages.
from 1965 until 1970 Bedjo avoided military sleeping in parks or on sidewalks, and during the day "survived by walking around Jakarta selling newspapers."
"October 24, 1970, I was captured by military intelligence officers in Jakarta and spent the following year in the Kalong interrogation camp. I was interrogated and tortured using electric shock. My two index fingers were connected by wire to a machine. Oh, it was so painful. It was like being hit, kicked, without interruption.
"There were hundreds of political prisoners in small barracks. Enough space for two people held twenty. The toilet was also used to hold detainees. I could not sleep sometimes because" it was hard to breathe.
"the door was closed, with only a small hole for water or food. I malnourished; the small ration of rice, dirty rice was full of sand and stones. At least five prisoners died in the camp; two people attempted suicide by hanging and two by diving into the deep well. They did this because they could not endure the torture in the [sic ] hell.
"There is still much to say about the transition to the Salemba prison and then in Tangerang forced labor camp. There, because the army did not provide food to inmates, I eat rats, snakes, crackers, snails, poisonous weeds to survive. "
Upon release, former political prisoners were banned from applying for jobs in government sectors, and their cards identity had a special code 'AND', standing for 'Eks Tapol' (tapol is an abbreviation of Tahanan politik Indonesian word for "political prisoner").
in 07, the Supreme Court accepted a petition from victims groups for a judicial review to prohibit the Presidential Decree No. 28 Year 1975, which authorized the discriminative code. the court ordered President SBY to withdraw the decree on the grounds that it was unconstitutional. However, there is now a "special issue" to differentiate between regular rakyat and former political prisoners.
Employment opportunities are rare, Bedjo freelance, teaching private students in mathematics, music and English.
survivors 1965 anti-communist purge, Rosikin (left), Bedjo Untung (center) and Mudjayin
"I studied these subjects when I was in prison. I collected paper waste such as cake packaging to write words of someone who knew English. I also studied music with a guitar that I was in the jail using wood waste.
"Most of my students were children, adolescents and sometimes adults They came from Indonesians and expatriates [ sic ] -.. Well do Every day I was riding nearly a hundred kilometers of Jakarta on my little bike with a guitar on my back.
"But in May 1998, with mass riots, anti-race and Jakarta feelings combustion, most expats have left and I lost my students. Fortunately, some Indonesian students continue, but not so much. My wife is a professor of government with a steady paycheck, so I still live simply. "
Most of the time is now past Bedjo with Yayasan Penelitian Korban Pembunuhan 1965/1966 (Indonesian Institute for the study of 1965/1966 Massacre). YPKP65 was founded April 7, 1999 by the former political prisoners as Pramoedya Ananta Toer, the novelist, who was also exiled to Buru, Ibu Sulami general secretary Indonesian Women Movement (Gerwani) and Raid Hasan, author of struggles of a Muslim communist.
"It is purely a non-profit institution, sometimes I have to contribute what I have to work for the victims. I am not paid but have dedicated my life and soul of humankind ".
YPKP65 at least 0 branches with 2,000 volunteers throughout Indonesia. The number may increase as the investigation has not reached all areas. It is estimated that somewhere between 80,000 and 0,000 survivors still alive, all remain stigmatized.
thereTwo years Komnas HAM (Indonesia's Human Rights Commission) published a report which took three years to compile due to the ongoing intimidation of witnesses and a lack of cooperation from the army and bureaucracy. Their conclusion is that the state-sponsored purge that followed failed coup in 1965 met all the criteria for a flagrant violation of human rights, and that government officials were involved in the systematic and widespread murder and torture of members of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and countless other civilians with political ties with the group.
President SBY has ordered the Attorney General's Office (AGO) to monitor the results. Komnas HAM also called for the creation of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission (Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi - KKR). However, the 04 Act which would establish a not adopted because none of the members have been appointed. Then in 06, the Constitutional Court annulled the law on the petition of civil rights groups who feared that the legislation was so flawed that it would become a vehicle to grant amnesty without necessarily find the truth or compensate the injured party.
There are a number of NGOs seeking both clarity and compensation for violations of human rights committed during Suharto Orde Baru (New Order). These include the victim Solidarity Network for Justice (JSKK) KontraS (the Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence), and Justice for Munir, Amnesty International.
Bedjo said, "YPKP65 can not work alone. We must work together with individuals and groups who have the same vision and mission, which is to promote and strengthen human rights and democracy. "
Maybe now there is renewed hope with a new president committed to changing the nation's state of mind? On 10 December last year, the International Day of Human Rights was the first time an Indonesian president and his ministers attended ceremonies and discussed issues.
"My sense of relief is just a drop of dew in the desert. I have to accept the reality that the firm Jokowi is always surrounded by the parties that supported the New Order regime and behind the screen there are a few generals who were involved in violations of human rights.
"But I remain optimistic that it can take action because civil society, victims of human rights, and marginalized people who voted for him still demand that its promise to respect human rights. "
However, s 'there is no action, Bedjo said YPKP65 intend to take the case to the International Tribunal of the people who met in the Hague in November 2015.
"in international alliance if the state does not have the capacity and the will to carry out the case, international law will take over. "
Whatever their politics were he fifty years ago, people have suffered, and suffering is transmitted across generations. It is definitely time for a resolution to that; no one seek retribution. The recognition by the state that a great wrong has been done will surely ease the burden on victims, perpetrators and their offspring.
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